
En situaciones de alto estrés, con frecuencia nuestras emociones nos llevan a actuar de una manera que más tarde lamentamos. La renombrada psicóloga y maestra de la Escuela de Medicina de Harvard, Susan David, ofrece lecciones invaluables para navegar por nuestro mundo interior de pensamientos y emociones en su nuevo libro, Emotional Agility.
Podemos sentirnos “arrastrados” por nuestros sentimientos cuando enfrentamos dificultades. “Nuestros pensamientos, historias y emociones empiezan a dominar nuestras acciones en contraposición a nuestros valores, intención y a quién queremos ser en esa situación”.
Por ejemplo, tal vez te gustaría ofrecerte para dirigir un nuevo proyecto en la oficina, pero tienes miedo de levantar la mano por temor a no ser aceptado. El sentido común dice que debes dejar tu miedo de lado y simplemente ofrecerte. Pero según David, la investigación ha demostrado que ese enfoque no funciona. “Las emociones regresan.”
En lugar de intentar ignorar tus sentimientos, es crucial que los identifiques específicamente. Digamos que sientes que has sido marginado en una reunión. No generalices acerca de tu frustración y se lo atribuyas a tu insatisfacción total con tu trabajo. Reconoce que te sientes marginado. Ubicar tus emociones y su origen con exactitud deriva en una mejor resolución de problemas, dice David.
Si te sientes marginado, tu primer pensamiento podría ser ignorar a la otra persona. En lugar de hacerlo, debes crear un “espacio” mental entre la emoción y el pensamiento sucesivo. Reconoce que sientes la emoción de marginación y que quizá el pensamiento que viene a tu mente es la represalia. Viktor Frankl, neurólogo, psicólogo y sobreviviente del Holocausto, una vez capturó este concepto con elocuencia. “Entre el estímulo y la respuesta hay un espacio. En ese espacio está nuestro poder de elegir nuestra respuesta. En nuestra respuesta está nuestro crecimiento y nuestra libertad”, dijo.
Una vez que hayas creado ese espacio mental, da un paso atrás y enfócate en la idea de cómo vas a reaccionar. ¿Te beneficiarás de una acción negativa sobre la otra persona? Incluso si realmente estás siendo marginado, debes escoger tu respuesta sabiamente. La agilidad emocional no se trata de si estás bien o mal, se trata de si tu comportamiento sirve a tus fines.
Al decidir cómo reaccionar, considera si tu siguiente movimiento está alineado con tus valores, o tus creencias acerca de la persona que deseas ser. Tal vez uno de tus valores es el trabajo en equipo. Si te sientes socavado y decides arremeter contra todos a tu alrededor, podrías infligir un daño duradero a tu relación con quienes te rodean, así como tu reputación entre colegas. Un mejor enfoque podría ser mantener la calma durante la reunión y hablar con quienes te marginaron después, explicando cómo es que te hicieron sentir.
Tomar todos estos pasos puede sonar como algo excesivo al calor del momento de estrés, y no esperes que haya cambios de la noche a la mañana. Pero estos consejos deberían hacerlo más fácil con el tiempo. Simplemente prestar más atención a tus emociones y pensamientos puede hacer a una persona más emocionalmente ágil y facilitar que logre sus metas más rápido.
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